The Application of Automation Theory to Railway Signaling Systems: the Turkish National Railway Signaling Project Otomasyon Teori̇si̇ni̇n Demi̇ryolu Si̇nyali̇zasyon Si̇stemleri̇ne Uygulanmasi: Ulusal Demi̇ryolu Si̇nyali̇zasyon Projesi̇

نویسندگان

  • Mustafa Seçkin DURMUŞ
  • Mehmet Turan SÖYLEMEZ
چکیده

Özet When compared with the other transportation systems, railway systems are economical, safer and more environment friendly. Despite all these features, investments on railways in Turkey remained quite restricted in comparison to other European countries. The initial construction costs of railways are high and developing its signaling system also requires a lot of attention. Signaling system is the vital part of a railway system which ensures safe travel and transportation on railways. One of the main reasons that make a signaling system critical and hard to develop is to satisfy the recommendations of related functional safety standards such as EN 50128 and EN 61508-3. In this study, functional safety requirements used in railway signaling systems are stated and the use of recommended methods in the Turkish National Railway Signaling Project (TNRSP) are explained. Especially, the software development process and the use of several programming techniques in determination of the software architectures are discussed. Diğer ulaşım sistemleri ile karşılaştırıldığında, demiryolu sistemleri ekonomik, daha güvenli ve çevrecidir. Tüm bu özelliklerine rağmen, diğer Avrupa ülkeleri ile karşılaştırıldığında Türkiye’de demiryollarına yapılan yatırım oldukça kısıtlı kalmıştır. Demiryollarının ilk inşaat maliyetleri yüksek olup sinyalizasyon sisteminin geliştirilmesi çok büyük dikkat gerektirmektedir. Sinyalizasyon sistemi, bir demiryolu sisteminde güvenli ulaşım ve taşıma yapılabilmesini sağlayan en önemli bileşendir. Sinyalizasyon sisteminin bu denli önemli ve zor geliştirilebilir olmasının temel sebeplerinden bir tanesi, EN 50128 ve EN 61508-3 gibi ilgili fonksiyonel güvenlik standartlarının tavsiyelerinin yerine getirilmesidir. Bu çalışmada, demiryolu sinyalizasyon sistemlerine ilişkin fonksiyonel güvenlik gereksinimleri belirtilmiş ve bu tavsiyelerin Ulusal Demiryolu Sinyalizasyon Projesi (UDSP)’nde kullanılışı açıklanmıştır. Özellikle, yazılım geliştirme süreci ve çeşitli programlama yöntemlerinin yazılım mimarisinin belirlenmesinde kullanımı tartışılmıştır.

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تاریخ انتشار 2013